A method you can check
Standby electricity is power used while equipment is waiting, sleeping, maintaining a network connection, or otherwise not performing its main task. The draw varies greatly. A device may use very little in one mode and appreciably more in another, so a generic value is not reliable for every model.
Start with devices that can remain on for long periods
Consider set-top boxes, televisions, game consoles, printers, speakers, network equipment, computers, chargers with attached devices, and appliances with always-on displays. The list is a prompt to inspect your own equipment, not a claim that every item has a significant standby load.
Read the specification carefully
Check whether a stated value applies to sleep, network standby, off-but-connected, or active idle. Those modes may have different energy use. A manufacturer specification can provide an initial estimate, but an appropriate meter may help confirm a plug-connected device under a stable mode.
Measure without opening equipment
Use only a compatible meter according to its manual. Very low or changing loads may be difficult for inexpensive meters to measure. Never open a mains-powered device or access exposed electrical conductors just to find standby power.
Prioritize changes that fit the device's purpose
Turn off optional quick-start features, configure power management, or use a switched power strip where suitable. Do not interrupt updates, recordings, network services, alarms, or safety-related functions that require continuous power. Estimate the annual kWh and cost before buying a new control device solely to avoid standby use.
The Standby Power Cost Calculator converts a measured or documented standby value to monthly and annual energy estimates.
Related resources
Continue with the Electricity Cost Calculator, the Home Energy Planner, or the Appliance Comparison Calculator depending on the question you are trying to answer.
References and further reading
The U.S. Department of Energy's low-standby-power guidance describes why standby use is measured separately from active use. Its home energy checklist offers practical examples of reviewing electronics and idle loads.
Standby draw varies by model and operating state. A label or generic rule of thumb is not a substitute for a measurement made with a suitable meter and used according to its instructions.